A prostate biopsy is an essential medical test to diagnose prostate cancer and other prostate abnormalities. This test involves taking samples of prostate tissue for analysis.
There are two main biopsy methods: transrectal biopsy and transperineal biopsy. Each has advantages and specificities.
Why perform a prostate biopsy?
A prostate biopsy is usually recommended when:
The level of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) in the blood is abnormally high.
A suspicious nodule is detected during a rectal examination.
A multiparametric MRI reveals an abnormality in the prostate gland.
Early diagnosis is essential to treat prostate cancer and other prostate diseases effectively.
Transrectal biopsy: the most common method
A transrectal biopsy involves inserting a needle through the wall of the rectum to take samples of the prostate. It is performed under ultrasound guidance.
Benefits
Quick and commonly practiced procedure.
Minimally invasive and performed under local anesthesia.
Short recovery time.
Disadvantages
Increased risk of infection due to passage through the rectum.
Less accuracy in tissue sampling compared to transperineal biopsy.
Transperineal biopsy: a more precise alternative
Transperineal biopsy involves inserting a needle through the skin of the perineum (area between the scrotum and anus) to reach the prostate. It is often guided by MRI-ultrasound fusion for greater accuracy.
Benefits
Reduced risk of infection because the needle does not pass through the rectum.
More precise access to hard-to-reach areas of the prostate.
Better detection of tumors located in the anterior parts of the prostate.
Disadvantages
Longer procedures often require local or general anesthesia.
It may cause temporary discomfort in the perineal area.
Which method should you choose?
The choice between a transrectal biopsy and a transperineal biopsy depends on several factors, including the patient's health status, the location of the suspicious area, and medical history. At Sioufi Urology Clinic, we evaluate each case to recommend the best diagnostic option.
Prostate biopsy is an essential examination for an accurate diagnosis of prostate pathologies. Early detection can significantly improve the chances of treatment. Consult a urology specialist for a complete assessment and personalized follow-up.